MS-2000

BUILD IT

Everything to build the MS-2000: the parts to buy, the 3D printed body, and the steps to put it together.

A micro:bit reads an AI camera and turns two servos to keep the mosquito centered, then switches on a safe Class 2 laser. A second micro:bit in the wand feels each hit through a light sensor and saves it as data.

The design is locked. Any change to parts, sizes, or aim goes through a change order first.

3D model of the MS-2000 turret

Four steps

A grown-up helps with the printer, the soldering iron, and the laser.

  1. 1

    Get the parts

    Two micro:bits, a board, an AI camera, three servos, a tiny laser, light sensors, a speaker, and a rechargeable power bank. About $224 from four stores.

  2. 2

    Print in five batches

    12 printed parts on five plates. About 10 hours 45 minutes and 335 g of PLA. One plate must be white.

  3. 3

    Put it together

    The mosquito and wand, then the turret head, then the backdrop and pendulum, then the code and sounds.

  4. 4

    Teach it and test it

    Train the camera on the mosquito, check every hit is saved, then run the 30 experiment runs.

How the parts work together

Seven parts, one after another, in less than a second.

  1. 1See
    HuskyLens camera
    Finds the mosquito it learned and reports where it is on the screen.
  2. 2Think
    Turret micro:bit
    Works out which way to turn so the mosquito is in the middle.
  3. 3Aim
    Pan and tilt servos
    Turn the head left, right, up, and down, a little at a time.
  4. 4Fire
    Relay and laser
    When the mosquito is centered, the relay clicks the laser on. Pew!
  5. 5Feel
    Light sensor in the mosquito
    The white pod glows when the dot hits it. The sensor notices.
  6. 6Prove
    Wand micro:bit
    Flashes the red eyes, plays a splat, saves the hit, and radios the turret.
  7. 7Cheer
    Speaker
    The turret plays the victory sound.

Want to know why each one works? It is all on the Learn the science page.

Shopping list

Order from DFRobot ($152.70), DigiKey ($37.24), Walmart ($23.84), and Adafruit ($9.75). $223.53 before shipping and tax. The PDF has a backup source for every part.

Brains and control
micro:bit V2 脳 2
$45.80
One runs the turret, one lives in the mosquito wand. They talk by radio, and the wand one records the data.
DFRobot MBT0039
Expansion board (turret) 脳 1
$29.90
Holds the turret micro:bit. 5 V ports for the servos and speaker, a 5 V HuskyLens port, a relay that switches the laser, and an external power input.
DFRobot MBT0042
Camera and aiming
HuskyLens AI camera 脳 1
$34.90
Learns the fake mosquito and reports where it is on screen.
DFRobot SEN0305
Micro servo 脳 3
$14.70
Pan, tilt, and one spare.
DFRobot SER0049
Laser and hit sensing
Class 2 laser module, under 1 mW 脳 1
$25.03
The laser. Maker-labeled Class II.
DigiKey VLM-650-03-LPT-ND
Laser arm switch 脳 1
$0.95
Cuts power to the laser only. Must be on before the laser can fire at all.
DigiKey Adafruit 805
Light sensor 脳 3
$7.50
One inside each mosquito body. Feels the laser dot.
DigiKey 1528-2748-ND
Red LED, 5 mm 脳 10
$1.45
Mosquito eyes that flash on a hit (2 per mosquito, plus spares).
DigiKey 754-1264-ND
220 ohm resistor 脳 10
$0.36
One per LED.
DigiKey 220QBK-ND
Thin 4-wire cable, 1 m 脳 1
$1.95
Runs down the fishing line to the sensor and eyes: power, ground, sensor, LEDs.
DigiKey 1528-2694-ND
Sound
Speaker module 脳 1
$6.00
Laser pew, cannon boom, lock-on beep, victory sound. Volume knob.
DFRobot FIT0449
Power
Turret power bank, USB-C 脳 1
$23.84
Powers the Xia mi board: servos, camera, speaker, laser. Steady 5 V, stays inside the base and charges through the side port (change MOC-004, Sep 16).
Walmart A1112
USB to barrel jack cable 脳 1
$2.75
Bank USB-A port to the power switch, then the Xia mi DC jack.
Adafruit 2697
Power switch 脳 1
$2.50
Main on/off. Plugs between the barrel cable and the Xia mi jack; the rocker pokes through the right wall.
Adafruit 1125
USB-C charge port 脳 1
$4.50
Panel USB-C socket in the right wall. Its cable plugs into the bank, so a phone charger charges the turret from outside.
Adafruit 6069
micro:bit battery pack 脳 2
$2.50
Powers the wand micro:bit, and the turret micro:bit if the board does not.
DFRobot FIT0625
Wiring and hardware
M2 screw, nut, and standoff kit 脳 1
$12.90
Every printed part: base, turret head, wand handle, sensor pod, and backdrop parts.
DFRobot FIT0665
Gravity 3-pin cables (10 pack) 脳 1
$6.00
Servo, speaker, and laser leads to the board, plus spares.
DFRobot FIT0031

From the store or at home

AAA batteries
4 plus 4 spares 路 Grocery store
Stuffed mosquito toy (the target)
1 路 Toy store or online
Short fishing rod or 3/8" dowel, clear 10 lb line
1 路 Sporting goods or hardware store
Black foam board, 20x30 in, 3/16" thick
1 路 Craft store
1/4" wood dowel
1 路 Craft or hardware store
Small zip ties and hook-and-loop tape
1 pack each 路 Hardware store
PLA filament, any color plus a little white
About 310 g + 11 g white 路 On hand (check for white)
Solder, heat-shrink tubing, hot glue
Small amounts 路 On hand
Micro-USB data cables
2 路 Probably on hand
90 degree USB-A adapter
1 路 Spare from Dusty's pair (backup: Walmart 709931832)
USB-C phone charger and cable
1 路 On hand
Hook-and-loop strap, 20 mm
1 路 Hardware store (holds the bank)
Paper data sheets, printed
15 per test 路 Print at home

About $30 in all.

Tools

3D printer
Flashforge Adventurer 5M, with any color PLA plus a little white
Soldering iron
For the sensor and LED wires. A grown-up does the soldering.
Small screwdrivers
For the M2 screws and the HuskyLens M3 screws
Calipers or a ruler
To check the parts match the drawings before printing
Hot glue gun
For the stuffed mosquito and the backdrop
Laptop with MakeCode
makecode.microbit.org, free in the browser, plus a micro-USB cable
Only buy the Class 2 laser on the list (under 1 mW). A 5 mW hobby laser is Class 3R and is not the same thing.

3D models

Spin them with a finger or a mouse. They open in any web browser.

The turret

Every part in place. Tap a name to light it up, or pull the turret apart.

The whole setup

Turret, backdrop, pendulum, the mosquito on its line, the wand, and the laser beam.

Bought parts

Every part we buy, with its size. Numbers get checked with calipers when they arrive.

Every printed part

A 3D viewer for each of the 12 printed parts, with notes on what each one does.

Print files

12 parts. The print plan has them already laid out on five plates for the Adventurer 5M. Single STL files are here for reprinting one part.

PartQty
Base shell
The body. Holds the board, power bank, speaker, arm switch, side switch, and charge port. Plate 1.
13DSTL
Floor plate
The bottom. The board and power bank sit on it. Plate 2.
13DSTL
Turntable and tilt yoke
Spins left and right on the pan servo and holds the head. Plate 3.
13DSTL
Pivot pin
The axle on the left side of the head. Plate 3.
13DSTL
Camera and laser head
Holds the camera and the laser, lined up to meet 3 feet away. Plate 3.
13DSTL
Wand handle
Holds the wand micro:bit and batteries on the fishing rod. Plate 3.
13DSTL
Sensor pod, back
Holds the light sensor inside the mosquito. Plate 3.
13DSTL
Sensor pod, frontWHITE
The white cup that glows when the laser hits it. Plate 4.
13DSTL
Cable clipsWHITE
Keep the thin cable next to the fishing line. Plate 4.
13DSTL
Backdrop foot
Holds the black poster board up. Plate 2, 5.
23DSTL
Pendulum pivot
Where the line swings from. Marks 10, 20, and 30 degrees. Plate 5.
13DSTL
Backdrop clip
Holds the dowel straight out from the board. Plate 5.
13DSTL

Also needed and not printed: the M2 screw kit, the HuskyLens M3 screws (in its box), servo horn screws (in the servo bags), zip ties, and hook-and-loop tape.

Build steps

Sixteen steps in five parts, with diagrams, wiring maps, and the MakeCode programs. Built October to mid-November, practice until December 11.